Calling All Defamation, Libel, and Slander Lawyers . . .

Dear respective members of the bar,

If you are an avid reader of this blog, I would appreciate it if you would send me an e-mail or leave a comment below so that we can get in touch. The reason I am asking this is two-fold: (1) I would like to get to know you and see if you have any suggestions for topics I could write about on this blog; and (2) I am considering forming a Defamation Lawyer's Association in Los Angeles, where we would delve into certain topics like Defamation and anti-SLAPP law in greater detail. Your responses would allow me to gauge the interest in such an organization.

Please send me an e-mail and/or leave a comment below.

The Proper Measure Of An Attorney

"I'd rather have a lot of talent and a little experience than a lot of experience and little talent" - John Wooden

"The error of youth is to believe that intelligence is a substitute for experience, while the error of age is to believe experience is a substitute for intelligence" - Lyman Bryson

Attorneys are typically measured by their education, experience (age/years of practice), and accomplishments. Attorneys who have gone to "better" law schools are deemed by the public to be better attorneys, as are lawyers who have been practicing for a very long time.

But I am here to tell you that where a lawyer went to law school, or how many gray hairs a lawyer has on his or her head, has very little to do with how well a lawyer will handle a case. Some of the best lawyers I have come across went to "sub-par" law schools, and some of the worst I have come across have been practicing law for more than 25 years. So it's not about where or how long.

I think the most important factor in evaluating a lawyer is his talent. I define talent in this context as the ability to spot legal issues, develop legal arguments, devise a litigation strategy, and execute that strategy. But how do you determine if a lawyer has talent? This is difficult, but possible. I would look at what his opponents have said about him. I would also look at the results he has obtained. These are the best indicators, in my opinion.

A close second is the lawyer's experience in the specific area of law for which you need a lawyer's services. If you have been wrongfully terminated, you need a lawyer who focuses his practice on that area. For example, it does not help you if an attorney has practiced for 30 years if he has never handled a wrongful termination case. You need a specialist, however, California only allows attorneys practicing law in certain areas to claim they are a "specialist," e.g., family lawyers, criminal lawyers, and appellate lawyers. Those kinds of lawyers must take a test and meet other requirements to be able to certify that they are specialists in a particular area of law. Lawyers who practice in other areas of law cannot claim they are specialists, even though they may have substantial experience in a given area. So, you'll often see attorneys saying things like: "My practice focuses on elder abuse law," or "I concentrate my practice in the area of libel law," to communicate that they "specialize" (in the traditional sense -- not the sense forbidden by the California Bar) in an area of law.

This brings me to a court decision which prompted me to write this post. In the case of Russell v. Foglio (2008)160 Cal.App.4th 653, the appellate court affirmed the lower court's ruling with regard to defendant's anti-SLAPP motion and held the attorneys' fee award was not an abuse of discretion.

The court rejected plaintiff's argument that defense counsel's hourly rate ($300) was unjustified because defense counsel had only been practicing law for 3 years. Here is what the court wrote:

"Plaintiff attacks the award for Attorney Bray on grounds the $300 per hour rate claimed and allowed was excessive. Plaintiff so contends based on the facts that Bray had been a lawyer only since June 2002, that he had graduated from an unaccredited law school, and that his experience was in family law as opposed to defamation. These facts do not establish an abuse of discretion in the trial court's ruling.

From the standpoint of Bray's capability, experience, and performance, the identity of his law school made no difference. In the same respects, that Bray had become a lawyer two years and eleven months before he undertook the case also was not dispositive. The trial court recognized Bray's representation that he brought to the case far more extensive trial experience than an average junior associate at a law firm would have had. That Bray's experience had arisen in the family law context was also not discrediting. What the court perceived as relevant about that experience was its practical extent. The court referred to Bray's “family law experience” simply as shorthand for his in-court experience.

FN5. It is incorrect for plaintiff to refer to Bray as a “second-year” lawyer. Bray had more than three years licensure when he handled the crucial evidentiary hearing on reconsideration.

Plaintiff's arguments also fail to take into account the court's observations concerning the quality of Bray's performance and the time constraints under which he undertook representation of defendant. These factors supported the court's determination of the value of counsel's work.

Ultimately, while expressing awareness of plaintiff's submission regarding junior associates' billing rates, the court concluded that Bray's experience, the exigency of the case, and “the demonstrated level of performance by counsel” justified the hourly fee level. Given all the circumstances, that ruling was not an abuse of discretion."

The court was mostly correct in ruling the way that it did. It does not matter that an attorney went to an unaccredited law school and has only practiced a short period of time. What matters is the skill displayed and results obtained. That's all the client cares about any way. I did disagree with the court in that the family law experience had little to do with anti-SLAPP law. Anti-SLAPP is a very complicated area of law, and doing family law petitions and the like, does not relate to the anti-SLAPP statute. As a result, I believe the trial court should have reduced the lawyer's fee to reflect his inexperience in the specific area of law.

At the end of the day, it's about talent and experience in the specific area of law. That's it. Do you agree? Write a comment below and share your thoughts.

 

 

OFF TOPIC: Funniest Video I've Seen This Year

I know this is old news (and it has nothing to do with defamation law) but the "Double Rainbow" video on YouTube is probably the funniest video I've seen all year. Enjoy. 

 

Does Using The Term "Guilty" Connote A Crime?

Plaintiffs commonly assume that courts will interpret alleged defamatory words in a strict or literal sense. But such is not the case. For example, in one case, a political candidate in Orange County filed a defamation suit against his opponent for discussing the investigation and reprimand of plaintiff for sexual harassment by the state Assembly.

The defendant made a number of alleged slanderous and libelous statements during the campaign, e.g., "[t]he bi-partisan Assembly Rules Committee conducted a thorough investigation and found that [plaintiff] was guilty of sexual harassment of one of his employees." 

Plaintiff argued that using the term "guilty" meant that he had been found guilty of a crime. The court disagreed and wrote the following:

Even by the late 20th century not everyone has attended law school-yet-and thus the ordinary person still does not equate the colloquial use of “guilty” with criminal guilt. We agree with the trial court that “there is no merit to the argument that the term 'guilty' would connote, in the minds of an average reader, a finding of guilt by a court of law.” Webster's dictionary recognizes this distinction and defines guilty, inter alia, as “justly chargeable with or responsible for a usu[ally] grave breach of conduct or a crime.” (Webster's Collegiate Dict. (10th ed. 1996) p. 517, italics added.)

Obviously the term "guilty" may connote conduct other than a crime. Accordingly, the court's analysis was correct. More importantly, however, this case illustrates that courts do not give technical meaning to words, recognizing that people tend to use words loosely in everyday speech. This is an important concept in understanding the bounds of free speech protection.

 

 

Can an anti-SLAPP Motion Be Filed In Federal Court?

This is a question that comes up quite frequently and appears to be a source of some confusion. The law is that motions to strike a state law claim are proper in California Federal courts, e.g., libel, slander, intentional interference with prospective economic advantage. This is so because there is no conflict between the Federal rules and Code of Civil Procedure 425.16(b). Plus, it furthers the purposes of the Erie doctrine.

However, there are some important limitations of note. First, a court may not strike a federal question under the anti-SLAPP statute.

Second, the discovery limiting aspects of 425.16(f) and (g) may not apply.

There is a bit of a split of authority on this issue. Some courts have held that (f) and (g) directly collide with Rule 56 and others have not. For example, the Central District held that there was no collision between Rule 56 and (f) and (g), whereas the Eastern District believed there was. In fact, the Eastern District announced a test to determine whether a court could apply (f) and (g) where either of the three scenarios applied: (1) the factual basis of the case has been developed through discovery or similar prior proceedings to the extent a motion for summary judgment would be appropriate; or (2) the parties agree that further discovery is not necessary, or (3) the only issue presented by the motion is an issue of law and the motion is suitable for decision as a motion to dismiss pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6).

This information is important alike to SLAPPers (defendants) and SLAPPfeasors (plaintiff) for obvious strategic reasons.

Choose your forum carefully, if you have the option to do so.

 

Why the "Do it Yourself" Mentality Is A Bad Idea

We are a "do it yourself" nation. If you don't believe me, just take a look at the "how to" section of any bookstore or library and you'll see what I'm talking about. There are books on how to do just about anything, including practicing law. Now, I'm not here to knock those kinds of books because they have their place. I understand that the economy is tough for a lot of people and, truthfully, some of these books are a good starting point for common legal issues. But what happens if you're dealing with a very specific and complex legal issue? Do you really think that Internet research will be enough? I think you'd agree with me that it's certainly not enough.

What you need is legal representation from a lawyer who has experience in the kind of case you need to be handled. It is not enough that he or she has practiced for 30 years as a general litigator if you are dealing with a defamation action or a SLAPP case. Nor is it enough that he or she works for a big firm or has a fancy website. The lawyer who you are talking to must have experience dealing with the specific issue you need him or her to handle. Let me give you an example to illustrate.

Today I was in court in Los Angeles on a matter and I happened to notice across the way (in another courtroom) that there was an anti-SLAPP motion on calendar relating to a libel matter. Given that this is one of the main practice areas I concentrate on (and my personal fascination with the topic), I thought it would be interesting to hear the oral argument. Boy was I shocked!

The judge, who has been on the bench for a number of years (and who has a good reputation), totally got the law wrong. I mean, it wasn't even close (I felt compelled to stand up and say something, but thankfully I thought better of it). 

So, if even an experienced and well-regard jurist can get the law wrong, how much more likely will it be that a general civil litigator with little-to-no experience will get it wrong?

My point is: Do not gamble by doing it yourself. This also applies to attorneys as well. I don't know how many times an attorney has called me after the "damage has been done," and they tell me: "gee, I wish I would have called you sooner." Happens a lot.

So do yourself a favor and eliminate the "do it yourself" mentality. You don't pull out your own cavities so don't try to practice law on your own. 

 

The Question Nearly Every Client Asks Me . . .

and which is the WRONG question. It goes something like this: "Adrianos, someone wrote defamatory comments about me on the internet and I want to do something about it. Can I file a lawsuit?" This is the WRONG question.

Anyone can file a lawsuit at anytime, whether it's defamation, libel, slander, intentional infliction of emotional distress, breach of contract, you name it. The courts in Los Angeles (and most other courts in California and elsewhere) are open 5 days a week. The proper question, however, is whether you should file a lawsuit. And the answer to that question depends on a number of factors, including but not limited to:

  • do you have a strong claim or claims? Many claims appear strong on the surface (especially to non-lawyers) but are much weaker upon close examination, which is why I reject most cases.
  • Is a cross-complaint likely? If the cross-complaint is successful, the defendant may get a judgment against you for damages.
  • Is your lawsuit subject to an anti-SLAPP motion? Many individuals and lawyers misapprehend the expansive reach of the almighty anti-SLAPP motion. It has the potential of knocking out your case at an early stage, not to mention the fact you'd have to pay the defendant his attorneys' fees. This is why you need an experienced anti-SLAPP lawyer to review your complaint before you file it.
  • Is the potential recovery substantial enough? Most lawyers will not handle a case which is smaller than $100,000.00 on a contingency basis--it's just not worth the time and risk for most of us. In that event, would you be willing to spend thousands of dollars to litigate your case?
  • Is this merely a "matter of principle" or a "vendetta case?" Many people tell me that they want to sue someone as a "matter of principle." I usually turn down these cases because they involve an emotional cauldron that I'd prefer not to spend 1 to 2 years dealing with.
  • Do you have the intestinal fortitude to deal with obnoxious opposing counsel who may relentlessly question you about topics you'd rather not talk about? Are you willing and able to spend a considerable amount of time working with your attorney to prepare the case?

Those are just some of the questions you should be asking yourself before you decide to file a lawsuit.

If you liked this post, please leave a comment below.

Exception To The Discovery Stay Under the anti-SLAPP Statute

As I've mentioned in previous posts numerous times before, upon the filing of an anti-SLAPP motion, "all discovery proceedings" are stayed. However, there is an exception where the Plaintiff can show good cause:

(g) All discovery proceedings in the action shall be stayed upon
the filing of a notice of motion made pursuant to this section. The
stay of discovery shall remain in effect until notice of entry of the
order ruling on the motion. The court, on noticed motion and for
good cause shown, may order that specified discovery be conducted
notwithstanding this subdivision.

(Emphasis added).

Now whether "good cause" exists will depend upon the specific circumstances of the case. Some factors courts may consider are: (1) whether the discovery is necessary for the Plaintiff make out a claim; (2) whether the evidence is solely in the possession of the party opposing the requested discovery; and (3) whether the discovery requested is narrowly tailored, or amounts to a "fishing expedition."

Things to look out for and consider:

  • Plaintiffs should file an ex parte application for an order shortening time as soon as they get hit with an anti-SLAPP motion and determine that they need discovery. If you simply make an ex parte application seeking to lift the discovery ban under CCP 425.16(g), the court may deny your request because the statute requires a "noticed motion."
  • Plaintiffs should only ask for limited discovery, otherwise the court may be inclined to deny your request.
  • Defendants should consider stipulating to Plaintiff's requested discovery when it makes sense. If you do not stipulate, make sure you are aware of all the cases that support your position. On the plaintiff's side, I have won a number of ex parte applications to lift the discovery ban because I had a greater command of the law than opposing counsel. In at least one of those instances, had I been on the other side, I believe I could have changed the result by distinguishing a key case.